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New York · 2025-2026 General Assembly
A00694Requires courts, prior to accepting a plea, to provide notice to the defendant that such plea and the acceptance thereof could result in deportation, removal from the United States, exclusion from the United States or denial of citizenship, if the defendant is not a citizen of the United States.
Direction
Immigration enforcementstate federal cooperationAI label
Expands the ability of defendants to vacate pleas due to inadequate immigration warnings and limits what prosecutors and courts can say about immigration consequences, so less likely that convictions lead to removal.
the court's failure to strictly comply with paragraph (a) of this subdivision, on or after the effective date of this subdivision, shall render the plea unknowing, involuntary, and unintelligent, requiring vacatur.
✓ Quote verified word for word in the bill text
Immigration enforcementotherAI label
=No change to immigration enforcementmodel confidence 70%
Requires courts to give a specific immigration-consequences warning to every defendant before any plea and at arraignment, with detailed rules on delivery, confidentiality of records, and remedies for noncompliance.
Prior to the defendant's entry of a plea of guilty to any accusatory instrument in any criminal action, the court shall orally give every defendant on the record the following notification: "If you are not a citizen of the United States, you may become deportable, ineligible for naturalization or inadmissible to the United States based on a conviction by plea or verdict."
Why the model tagged it this way: The bill amends CPL 220.50(7) by striking prior limited warnings for felony pleas and replacing them with a broader, mandatory, on-the-record immigration warning for every plea and at arraignment; it adds procedural limits on other statements about immigration consequences, confidentiality of records used to prove non-citizen status, and strong remedies (vacatur) for noncompliance that apply retroactively in some cases. These provisions address immigration enforcement by changing how state courts handle pleas with potential removal consequences, but the net effect is mixed between expanding (w
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