PolicyWinds
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Virginia · 2026 Regular Session

HB1359 Firearms; purchase requirements, penalties.

Direction

Firearms purchase background checksAI label

Restricts gun access model confidence 90%

Requires all firearm purchasers from dealers to first obtain a state-issued firearm purchaser license (in addition to the existing background check), and expands the background check process to include verification of the license and additional prohibitions, so more restrictions on who can buy guns.

Any person purchasing from a dealer a firearm as defined in this section shall present a valid firearm purchaser license issued by the Department of State Police pursuant to § 18.2-308.2:6 and shall consent in writing, on a form to be provided by the Department of State Police, to have the dealer obtain criminal history record information.

✓ Quote verified word for word in the bill text

Firearms weapon accessory restrictionsAI label

Restricts gun access model confidence 90%

Redefines and expands the list of banned 'assault firearms' (including specific semi-automatic rifles, pistols, and shotguns with listed features, plus modified firearms), so fewer types of firearms and accessories can be legally purchased or owned.

"Assault firearm" means 1. A semi-automatic center-fire rifle or pistol with a fixed magazine capacity in excess of 10 rounds; 2. A semi-automatic center-fire rifle that has the ability to accept a detachable magazine... and that has one or more of the following characteristics...

⚠ Quote could not be matched to the bill text: treat this label with caution

Firearms otherAI label

Restricts gun access model confidence 80%

Creates new felony penalties (including mandatory minimums) for straw purchases, trafficking firearms to ineligible persons, and related violations, and requires dealers to obtain a purchaser license for certain non-inventory sales, so greater restrictions on firearm acquisition and transfer.

Any person who purchases a firearm with the intent to (i) resell or otherwise provide such firearm to any person who he knows or has reason to believe is ineligible to purchase or otherwise receive from a dealer a firearm for whatever reason or (ii) transport such firearm out of the Commonwealth to be resold or otherwise provided to another person who the transferor knows is ineligible to purchase or otherwise receive a firearm is guilty of a Class 4 felony and shall be sentenced to a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of one year.

✓ Quote verified word for word in the bill text

  1. Filed (completed)
  2. Committee
  3. Passed one chamber
  4. Passed both
  5. Governor
  6. Law

Status: Died (session ended)

Last action
2026-02-18: Left in Committee Appropriations
Filed
2026-01-19
Committee
Appropriations
Sponsor
Patrick Hope D

Why the model tagged it this way: The bill amends Virginia's firearm transfer laws to mandate a state-issued purchaser license for all dealer purchases (with background check), broadens the assault firearm definition and ban, adds new straw-purchase/trafficking felonies with mandatory minimums, and makes related changes to dealer requirements and penalties. All provisions increase restrictions on purchasing, owning, and transferring certain firearms.

Related bills

Hearings and calendar

Votes

DateChamberMotionYea-Nay
2026-01-29HSubcommittee recommends reporting with substitute and referring to Appropriations (6-Y 3-N)6-3Passed
2026-01-30HReported from Public Safety with substitute and referred to Appropriations (14-Y 7-N)14-7Passed

Sponsors

Text versions

History (10 actions)
DateChamberAction
2026-02-18HLeft in Committee Appropriations
2026-01-30HFiscal Impact statement From VCSC (1/30/2026 1:08 pm)
2026-01-30HCommittee substitute printed 26106169D-H1
2026-01-30HReported from Public Safety with substitute and referred to Appropriations (14-Y 7-N)
2026-01-29HSubcommittee recommends reporting with substitute and referring to Appropriations (6-Y 3-N)
2026-01-29HHouse subcommittee offered
2026-01-27HAssigned HMPPS sub: Firearms
2026-01-20HFiscal Impact statement From VCSC (1/20/2026 1:52 pm)
2026-01-19HReferred to Committee on Public Safety
2026-01-19HPresented and ordered printed 26105123D